The difference between household lighting lamps and ultraviolet lamps
Sep 20, 2021
The structure and function of the fluorescent lamp: There is a filament at each end of the fluorescent lamp. The tube is filled with trace argon and thin mercury vapor. The inner wall of the tube is coated with fluorescent powder. When the gas between the two filaments is conductive, it emits ultraviolet rays to make the fluorescent powder. Emits soft visible light.
Fluorescent lamp working characteristics: when the lamp tube starts to ignite, a high voltage is required, and only a small current can be allowed to pass when it is normally illuminated. At this time, the voltage at both ends of the lamp tube is lower than the power supply voltage.
When electrons are excited, atoms will release visible photons. If you already know how atoms work, then you also know that electrons are negatively charged particles that walk around the nucleus. Atomic electrons have different levels of energy. , Mainly depends on several factors, including their speed and distance from the nucleus.
Different energy levels of electrons occupy different orbital functions and orbits. Generally speaking, electrons with high energy are farther away from the nucleus.
When an atom gains or loses energy, electrons move between the low and high orbits. When something transfers energy to the atom-take heat as an example-the electron can be temporarily propelled to a higher orbit (away from the nucleus). The electron only stays in this orbital position for a very short time: it is almost immediately retreated back to the nucleus, reaching its original orbit. At this time, the electron emits additional energy in the form of photons.
The wavelength of light emission depends on how much energy is released, which also depends on the orbital position of the electron. The color of light is determined by the type of excited atoms.
This is almost the most basic working mechanism in all light sources. The main difference between these light sources is the process of exciting the atoms.
